What is the botanical name of Elderberry? This scientific name is derived from the Latin or Greek languages and consists of two parts: First part defines the genus whereas the second part defines the species within the genus. The scientific name of Elderberry is Sambucus nigra. This nomenclature is based on Scientific Classification of Elderberry. This fruit is usually known by its common name but the scientists prefer the botanical name to avoid ambiguity. The unique scientific name helps bridge the communication gap between researchers of different nationalities as all fruits are known by different names in different regions.